Influence of climate phenomena on the flow regime in the Tapajós River Watershed

Abstract

Monitoring hydrological events and analyzing the spatial and temporal variability of rainfall are significant instruments in water management. The El Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO) and the Atlantic Dipole are the main phenomena that have a strong influence on hydrology in the Amazon region. The present work aims to analyze the influence of these climatic phenomena on the flow regime, obtained through permanence curves, in the Tapajós River Basin. The Atlantic Dipole was determined based on the TNA (Tropical Northern Atlantic) and TSA (Tropical Southern Atlantic) indices, since this phenomenon directly interferes in the main atmospheric system of the region, the Intertropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ). For ENSO analysis, the Niño Oscillation Index (ONI) was used. The analyzes consisted of the application of statistical methods Pearson's correlation and linear regression, considering the interaction between flow values and climatic indices. In this way, it was possible to verify the influence of ENSO and Atlantic Dipole on the river basin regime.