BIODEGRADATION OF DYES AND TEXTILE EFFUELTS BY FUNGI

Abstract

The residues of the textile industry are characterized by his low degradability, high mutagenesis and carcinogenic potential, could reach the environment and the public health. The use of fungi, mainly basidiomycetes lignin degraders, has been used widely, due to the production of ligninolytic enzyme of low specificity, could be used for the degradation of felonies compositions. The screen of fungi coming of the polluted environmental is also of great importance for the selection of microorganisms with potential degradative, because, if the same ones get it proliferates in this ambient, certainly they possess an enzymatic system that it allows to metabolize the present chemical species in the place. A same fungus’ gender (Geothricum sp) was isolated of the aeration tank of the textile industries investigated. The capacity degradative of this fungi was evaluated with recognized capacity degradative fungi Lentinula edodes and Paraconiothyrium estuarinum front to the dyes Remazol Brilliant Blue R (RBBR), Reactive Yellow 145 and Reactive Red 195 and to the textile effluent. They were made tests in solid and liquid middle, under different incubation conditions and pH. Better capacity degradative was observed in the samples under agitation. The isolated fungus didn't present capacity degradative of the color RBBR, however, it demonstrated capacity of the effluent degradation in pH 9, to 35 °C, and in presence of acetate of sodium buffer. Lentinula edodes degraded all dyes and effluent, and the best results were obtained in pH5 and in the presence of buffer. The fungus Paraconiothyrium estuarinum didn't degrade the color RBBR, however, presented considerable degradative capacity of the dyes Reactive Yellow 145 and Reactive Red 195. To leave of those results, there are perspectives of use these fungi in treatment of textile effluents inserting fungi with capacity degradative known during the treatment, or creating conditions so that the existent ones in place grow and degrade the existent compositions.