FEE-FISHING UNITS IN THE BASIN OF CORUMBATAÍ: SOCIOECONOMIC-ENVIRONMENTAL DIAGNOSIS AND TREATMENT OF EFFLUENT

Resumen

This study was concerned to distinguish the main environmental and socio-economic aspects of 16 fee-fishing located in the Corumbataí river basin, São Paulo. Together, it verified the possibility of effluent treatment system with these units constructed wetlands system (CWS). Previously, it collected information on the number, location and diversity of activities of fee-fishing, as different government agencies and institutions did not have that information. Questionnaires were applied to collect information about the socio-economic and environmental aspects of fee-fishing units located in Corumbatai river basin. Were determinate abiotic and biotic factors present in water and effluent from the tanks of fee-fishing. It was applied a principal component analysis to the values of these factors monitored. The results showed that despite being a tourist attraction for the region and there is a considerable frequency of tourists on fee-fishing, it is still an activity that is economically unstable in Corumbataí River Basin. The results of the tests performed were compared with the limits for class 2 freshwater by CONAMA Resolution 357/05. These results showed that most of the values of the factors studied were above the limit established by this resolution, showing deterioration of water quality of the fee-fishing in this study. From an environmental standpoint, the fish-pay were considered potentially polluting sources, characterized by higher values of total nitrogen, ammonia, nitrite, nitrate, conductivity, turbidity, total phosphorus and microorganisms. The presence of excessive nutrients in the effluents in water is responsible for eutrophication and may indicate impairment of water quality of rivers in the basin study. Thus, the effluents from fish-you may pay in need of treatment, such as stabilization ponds and wastewater treatment systems using aquatic weeds before they are discarded into the environment.